Penalties

Q) In one of the CPSEs, clause(v) of CDA rules specifies "reduction to a lower stage in the time scale of pay for a period not exceeding 3 years without cummulative effect is placed as minor penalty and clause vi) states that " Save as provided in clause (v) above, reduction to a lower stage in the time scale of pay for a specified period with further direction as to whether or not employee will earn increments of pay during the period of such reduction and whether on expiry of such period , the reduction will or will not have any effect of postponing the future increment of pay" and is included in major penalty. My question is a) what is the meaning of "save as" written in the above clause?? b) Recently as per draft model suggested by DoPT the serial clause (v) of above minor penalty is mentioned as one of the major penalty while mentioning that inquiry is needed if any of the penalty from clause v , vi, viii ..... etc will be imposed . Any specific reasons for the same ??