Dear Madam,
You make use of following settled law of the land as pronounced by Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, various High Courts and circulars of the State govt
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Handling Extra Difficult Situations: Divorcing When Your Spouse Has A Mental Illness and/or Personality Disorder. ... All breakups are difficult, but ending a marriage with someone who has a personality disorder or mental illness can put your divorce at the extreme end of the spectrum.
Mental Illness and Divorce
Mental illness can be hard for couples to handle in a relationship and frequently leads to divorce. Often, stress levels between couples rise when handling a mental illness and it becomes the key focus of the relationship. Even if a couple tries to make the mental illness a small part of their relationship, the mentally-ill partner often ends up not having much control over how or how often their illness manifests and the other partner may not always be able to control their responses to and feelings about the mental illness. Over time, built-up feelings of pain, resentment, and frustration can ultimately destroy the relationship forever.
HINDU MARRIAGE ACT (1955)
Mental disorder as a ground for nullity of marriage: Section 12 (i)(b)
There is provision in the HMA (Section 12 (i)(b)) for nullity of marriage on the ground that the marriage is in contravention of the conditions specified in Section 5 (ii).
Section 5 (ii) states that:
• Is unable to give a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind, or
• Has been suffering from a mental disorder, of such a kind or of such an extent, as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children
• Has been subject to recurrent attacks of insanity.
Section 5 (ii)(a) has two components: (1) Ability to give valid consent, and (2) soundness of mind. Consent is an act of reason and deliberation. A person who possesses and exercises sufficient mental capacity to make an intelligent decision demonstrates consent by performing an act recommended by another. Consent assumes power to act and a reflective, determined, and unencumbered exertion of this power. It is an act unaffected by fraud, duress, or sometimes even mistake when these factors are not the reason for the consent. Consent is implied in every agreement. For a valid consent soundness of mind is implied. The expression “unsoundness of mind” has to be understood as the lack of a state of mind or capacity to understand one's affairs or marital obligations. The phrase “in consequence of unsoundness of mind” narrows down the concept of consent. If the emphasis of the Act is to move from sacramental nature to the contractual nature of the marriage, consent is essential. Then it is better to remove the phrase which leads to unnecessary litigations. Every person with mental disorder need not be assumed to lack mental capacity to understand the nature and consequences of the issue on hand. Many persons with mental disorder exhibit the capacity to give consent to their treatment, and testamentary capacity. Specific mention of “unsoundness” invites unwarranted litigations.
Section 5 (ii)(b) mentions about mental disorder of such quality and such quantity which makes the individual unfit for marriage and procreation of children.
Fear of wife’s mental health issues helps man get divorce
The court while dissolving the marriage also quashed the family court order favouring the wife on the same ground.
Mumbai: The Aurangabad bench of the Bombay high court has granted divorce to a man who sought divorce from his wife on the grounds that she was mentally unsound and had shown suicidal tendencies which he feared could get him into trouble if the wife took any drastic steps due to her mental condition. In granting divorce, the HC quashed an order of restitution of conjugal rights by a family court in favour of the wife stating that as the husband had made out a case under relevant sections of the Hindu Marriage Act he had a right to get a divorce.
A division bench of justices T.V. Nalawade and S M Gavhane was hearing a family court appeal filed by a 37-year-old man who was a resident of Aurangabad and had sought dissolution of his marriage with a woman from Amravati which was solemnised in 2001. His appeal had challenged the family court decision that set aside his divorce application under section 13 (1) (Ia) and (III) of the Hindu Marriage Act while upholding his wife’s application for restitution of conjugal rights under section 9 of the same Act.
According to the husband, three months after marriage, his wife started showing signs of some mental illness and the same continued over a period of time when he was informed that she had been suffering from a mental illness since before marriage. As she was under treatment, he continued cohabiting with her but after they had a female child his wife started showing suicidal tendencies and also abused their daughter. He further informed the court that as he feared that he would be implicated for any drastic action taken by his wife he withdrew from his wife’s society for some time.
After the incident, her father took her away to Amravati where her treatment continued and when she returned to Aurangabad the husband and wife were living separately. Hence he sought divorce.
Based on the wife’s admission that she had a mental disorder and was being treated for it, a fact that was corroborated by doctors treating her, the court held that the husband had a right to seek divorce and safeguard himself against any complications that may arise out of any act that his wife may commit due to her suicidal tendencies. The court while dissolving the marriage also quashed the family court order favouring the wife on the same ground.
Divorce on ground of mental cruelty and schizophrenia.
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divorce on ground of mental cruelty and schizophrenia.
Explanation – In this clause, –
(a) the expression “mental disorder’ means mental illness, arrested or incomplete development of mind, psychopathic disorder or any other disorder or disability of mind and includes schizophrenia;
(b) the expression “psychopathic disorder” means a persistent disorder or disability of mind (whether or not including sub- normality of intelligence) which results in abnormally aggressive or seriously irresponsible conduct on the part of the other party, and whether or not it requires or is susceptible to medical treatment; or
(iv) has been suffering from a virulent and incurable form of leprosy; or
(v) has been suffering from venereal disease in a communicable form; or
(vi) has renounced the world by entering any religious order; or
(vii) has not been heard of as being alive for a period of seven years or more by those persons who would naturally have heard of it, had that party been alive.
Explanation – In this sub-section, the expression “desertion” means the desertion of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage without reasonable cause and without the consent or against the wish of such party, and includes the wilful neglect of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage, and its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly. (I-A) Either party to a marriage, whether solemnized before or after the commencement of this Act may also present a petition for the dissolution of the marriage by a decree of divorce on the ground –
(i) that there has been no resumption of cohabitation as between the parties to the marriage for a period of one year or upwards after the passing of a decree for judicial separation in a proceeding to which they were parties; or
(ii) that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights as between the parties to the marriage for a period of one year or upwards after the passing of a decree for restitution of conjugal rights in a proceeding to which they were parties.
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Supreme Court of India
Vinita Saxena vs Pankaj Pandit on 21 March, 2006
Bench: Ruma Pal, Dr. Ar. Lakshmanan